pH probes, with their bipolar voltage outputs and high output impedance, need signal conditioning through an analog front end to make them compatible with measurement circuits such as A/D converters. People who work in healthcare, food and beverage, water treatment, chemical processing, agriculture, and environmental monitoring rely on pH meters to make decisions about hydrogen-ion […]
Analog IC Tips
What are the computational requirements of immersive audio?
There are several ways to implement immersive audio, each with different computational and hardware needs. Calculation of the head-related transfer function (HRTF) is an important aspect of deploying immersive audio. This FAQ begins by detailing what an HRTF is, looks at an open-source program for calculating HRTF, and then considers how cameras and inertial measurement […]
What’s the difference between object- and channel-based audio?
Immersive audio uses various channel- and object-based techniques to deliver a high-quality listening experience. There are three general categories of spatial audio: channel-based audio (CBA), object-based audio (OBA), and scene-based audio (SBA) — that’s the next generation of OBA. CBA is the simplest form of spatial audio, but it’s not immersive. The basic form of […]
What codecs are there for immersive and 3D audio?
Immersive audio is a three-dimensional (3D) sound field created by combining lateral and overhead speakers. A variety of industry standard and custom codecs are available for implementing immersive audio. This FAQ reviews the operation of the MPEG-H Audio (universal immersive audio coding) codec and the still-under-development MPEG-I Immersive Audio (compressed representation for virtual and augmented […]
Ultra-low noise, 5 to 6 GHz LNA for receiver applications in the C-band
Guerrilla RF, Inc. announces the formal production release of the GRF2110, an ultra-low noise amplifier that delivers an exceptionally flat gain response over a single 5 to 8 GHz broadband tune. When operated at 6 GHz, the device delivers 16.3 dB of gain, 22 dBm of OP1dB compression, 38 dBm of OIP3 linearity, and a low […]
Managing design complexity and global collaboration with IP-centric design
Semiconductor design complexity has increased exponentially in recent years, and this challenge is exacerbated by the need to collaborate and scale across multiple, globally distributed teams while accelerating time to market. On top of these elements, the industry has been confronted with a major obstacle: the current talent shortage. There is no quick fix to […]
Filters limit EMI and audio distortion
TDK Corporation has announced the introduction of its compact MAF1005FR series of EMC components, measuring 1.0 mm (L) x 0.5 mm (W) x 0.5 mm (H). These multilayer chip components are designed to improve sound quality and reduce noise interference in the audio lines (sound lines) of smartphones and other devices such as tablets, wearables, […]
How does artificial intelligence relate to immersive audio?
Tools like neural networks (NNs), machine learning (ML), and artificial intelligence (AI) are being applied to hard problems related to immersive audio. This FAQ will examine how NNs and ML are being used to up-mix audio tracks into their original constituent parts, how NNs are being used to produce personalized head-related transfer functions (HRTFs) and […]
Thin-film filters for space-constrained and RF applications
KYOCERA AVX has released a new series of miniature high-pass thin-film filters engineered to provide excellent high-frequency performance in a variety of space-constrained microwave and RF applications in the telecommunications, automotive, consumer electronics, and military markets. The new HP Series high-pass thin-film filters are based on proven multilayer integrated thin-film technology that enables the quick […]
4-port, GbE PHY includes SAR ADC
Faraday Technology Corporation announces the availability of its 4-port Gigabit Ethernet PHY on UMC’s 28HPC+ process. This silicon-proven GPHY features an SAR ADC for superior PPA advantages and an advanced digital algorithm that significantly enhances SNR (signal-to-noise ratio). Designed to meet the growing demands for highly integrated SoC solutions in networking, consumer, and industrial automation […]