Power supplies and converters tend to be simple in principle, yet their actual design – including overcoming the subtle issues which degrade and impede their performance – is the real challenge. In Part 1, we looked at the flyback design and some distinct advantages along with unique idiosyncrasies. This FAQ looks at some of these […]
Hidden pitfalls of IoT antenna design
It is easy for developers to get tripped up when cramming multiple antennas into the small spaces that characterize IoT applications. Rich Walters • Brian Petted, Laird Connectivity Traditionally there has been a wall between industrial design and RF (radio frequency) engineering when companies develop products that have wireless capabilities. The process typically starts with […]
Less bullet-proof than you think: Gauging security hazards on the IoT
Engineers developing products for the IoT need to plan security measures that grow more sophisticated over time to thwart attackers who get better at wreaking havoc. Lars Lydersen, Silicon Labs Skepticism about Internet of Things (IoT) security seems to be high. Ironically, for many industries, the key to not being hacked is simply to not […]
Batteries, battery analyzers and battery testers
The Leyden jar, invented by the Dutch physicist Pieter van Musschenbroek in 1746, preceded what we today call the battery. Originally, “battery” denoted several units connected in series or parallel. Thus, there could be a battery of Leyden jars. Actually, the Leyden jar works on a principle completely different from that of a battery. It […]
Stress & Strain, Part 1: Fundamental principles
The mechanical strain induced on electronic components due to mechanical and thermal stress is an important aspect of their performance consistency and limitations; stress is also used to enable some materials provide critical electronic functions. Although electronic systems and circuits invoke intangibles such as voltages, currents, power, EM fields, and Maxwell’s equations — to cite […]
Barcodes and Scanners, Part 2: History and development
Part 1 of this FAQ looked at the basics of the standard barcode system and UPC arrangement for retailers. Part 2 looks at the history of the development and successful adoption of the barcode system. Q: What started the barcode development? A: Unlike many innovations, the idea of bar codes was not one where potential […]
Flyback power converters, Part 1: Basic principles
Among the many available topologies used for power-supply converters, the flyback design offers some distinct advantages along with unique idiosyncrasies. There’s a wide and diverse array of power-supply converter topologies among which to choose, each with tradeoffs in their various performance attributes and cost. The flyback design is a converter approach which has been used […]
What you need to know about information theory
A lot of the testing and verification activities of EEs today centers on concepts having a theoretical basis in Claude Shannon’s (of Nyquist-Shannon renown) article titled, A Mathematical Theory of Communication, which appeared in 1948 in the Bell System Technical Journal. Shannon’s full treatise gets to be quite mathematical. Fortunately, some of the fundamental concepts […]
Barcodes and Scanners, Part 1: How they work
Barcodes: you can’t escape them, and all along the supply chain from raw source to end-user purchase, we can’t function without them. They are pre-printed on neatly everything we buy or use, they can be added later as stick-on labels, or they can be printed on demand as needed for custom projects. Barcodes are now […]
Mistakes to avoid when submitting a design for PCB assembly
Simple prototype Printed Circuit Boards (PCBs) require, on average, 11.6 physical prototypes, whereas more complex PCBs require as many as 16.[i] And according to Advanced Assembly, a prototype PCB assembly house, “94% of assembly data is accidentally submitted with errors.”[ii] PCB assembly houses will extract design data from PCB design files and create a PDF […]
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