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Factory Automation

Training Center Classroom

Welcome to this installment of EE Classroom on Factory Automation


The move to the fourth Industrial Revolution and its subset known as Industry 4.0 has occurred in less than half the time it took from the first to the second to the third. It’s not traveling at the speed of light but to designers, manufacturers, suppliers, factory owners, and the accompanying supply chain, it can feel just as disorienting. Simply communicating information throughout the factory floor — let alone to the cloud — requires swimming through standards that have not yet been defined across product manufacturers while wading through a sea of multiple industrial communications protocols that continue to evolve. Designing for and then implementing the robots, sensors, and interface solutions that comprise much of factory automation are, like so much of our fast-moving technology, skillsets that need to be frequently enhanced.


Successful factory automation hinges on the adoption of many new technologies, and there is no adoption without understanding. This classroom delivers a bit of ongoing education that can help you achieve that by providing tutorials around various test procedures required for measuring interoperability, wireline, and wireless transmission, as well as test steps to meet pre-compliance EMC. "Course offerings" include basics of EMI/RFI and a look into distinctions of machine learning, AI, and neural networks. You can also take advantage of the groundwork already available with reference designs addressing device applications in vision sensing for inline inspection, programmable logic control, laser driving for LiDAR, and system solutions for integrated multi-protocol industrial Ethernet communication.


In other words, you are not alone on the factory floor.

Aimee Kalnoskas

Editor in Chief, EE World Online

Factory Automation

Test & Measurement

Measuring pulse-width modulation outputs in industrial equipment

Measuring Ethernet and
Wi-Fi transmissions

Interoperability testing for the Internet of Things

Pre-compliance testing: 6 ways your project will benefit

There are a couple of points about communication schemes that are helpful to know when making measurements of their parameters.

Information security management systems utilize the four-stage “Plan, Do, Check, Act” system. This methodology can also be employed to test interoperability.

Adopting pre-compliance EMC testing removes the risk of product failure and avoids costly re-testing after design.

Pulse-width modulation (PWM) is a widely used means of controlling power to large induction motors by means of variable-frequency drives (VFDs).

Factory Automation

EMI    •    Machine Learning

What is machine learning?

How do canted coil springs provide EMI/RFI shielding?

Chocking off EMI/RFI in off-line switchers

Machine learning, as a type of Artificial Intelligence, is typically used to create models with which to analyze data.

Canted coil springs ensure consistent, reliable connection with mating surfaces, even under shock and vibration.

One of the more effective EMI filtering techniques is to place a common mode choke (CMC) after a full-wave diode rectifier.

Project    •    Communications Protocols    •    Circuit Design

Circuit Design: pulse width demodulation

What is Constrained Application Protocol? 

GSM-based industrial automation

The technique of demodulating a PWM wave illustrated by a block diagram representing the implementation of a PWM de-modulator.

The CAP is specifically designed for M2M applications such as smart energy, home automation and many Industrial applications.

In this project a GSM server is implemented with PSOC mixed signal chip, sensors and relays.

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