Simple connections employing USB can replace more expensive GPIB setups in test instrumentation. Aaron Fernando, B&K Precision Corp. Engineers from a variety of industries use USB and USBTMC (USB Test & Measurement Class) to remotely control test and measurement instruments from a host computer. It is useful to compare USBTMC to the widely used GPIB […]
FAQ
Testing LVDS devices at the margins with an AWG
Advanced arbitrary waveform generators have simplified the testing associated with communications over low-voltage differential signaling lines. Chris Loberg | Tektronix First introduced in 1994, low-voltage differential signaling (LVDS) has gone on to become widely used in products such as LCD panels, automotive infotainment systems, industrial cameras and machine vision, notebook and tablet computers, communications systems, […]
What you should know about Wi-Fi 6 and the 6-GHz band
While there are still interference issues to be resolved, new specifications for Wi-Fi in the 6-GHz band will bring instantly better wireless performance. Eve Danel | LitePoint Wi-Fi technology turns 20 this year, and it has proven to be successful beyond the wildest expectations. The recent announcement by the FCC to consider allowing 1,200 MHz […]
How standards and conformance tests shape the future of 5G New Radio
Specs for 5G NR release-15 have been finalized and plans call for product introductions this year. Sheri DeTomasi | Keysight Technologies, Inc. The development of 5G standards and their commercial rollout appears to be on a fast track. Mobile operators and network equipment makers are conducting field trials and the first smartphones are expected out […]
Charging electric vehicles, Part 1: the numbers
It’s nice to envision that recharging an electric vehicle is as straightforward as filling up an internal combustion vehicle, but it’s not: there are multiple charging, power, and connector options as well as limitations. You’re driving your internal-combustion (IC) car, and the gauge indicates it’s time to get “gas” (of course, it’s actually gasoline). So […]
Basics of cavity resonators
Experimenters beware! If you think it might be instructive to dismantle a microwave oven and power up the magnetron to make a space gun, don’t do it. A microwave gun (called a magnetron) in a state other than as manufactured has numerous potential hazards. (Nevertheless, you can find a lot of YouTube videos describing exactly […]
The electromagnetic rail aircraft launch system, Pt 2: Implementation and issues
Part 1 of this FAQ explored the basics of the EMALS “railgun” technology being implemented for launching aircraft from carriers; this part details the actual installation on a carrier. Q: What are the various subsystems the EMAL system? A: The overall design has six major functional blocks, (Figure 1). The Prime Power Interface, which is […]
The electromagnetic rail aircraft launch system, Pt 1: Objectives and principles
The traditional and battle-tested steam-powered catapult used to launch aircraft from carriers is being replaced by a powerful, electromagnetic-based, closed-loop linear-motor system — maybe. For over seven decades, the steam-powered catapult has been the standard mechanism for launching airplanes from the decks of aircraft carriers, with an associated cable-tensioned brake used for arresting them on […]
Part 3: Winning with a sustainable PDC management process in embedded systems design: implementation
In part 1, we presented an overview of the product life cycle (PLC) and product development cycle (PDC), as well as the difference between the two. Part 2 explained in detail the 12 steps of the product life cycle (PDC). In this final part, we offer some practical suggestions on PDC implementation. The secret to […]
The difference between scanning electron microscopes and tunneling scanning electron microscopes
Compared to an optical microscope, the electron microscope achieves far greater resolution and magnification by taking advantage of the wave aspect of electrons. An electron’s wavelength is typically 1/100,000 that of visible light. Resolutions of 50 pm and 10 million-X magnification have been achieved, far better than the 200-mm resolution and 2,000X magnification of a […]