Part 1 of this FAQ explored the basics of the optocoupler. This part looks at key parameters and some application examples. Q: What are the primary factors used when assessing an optocoupler? A: While there are many important factors, there are several which are noteworthy: isolation, current-transfer ratio (CTR), linearity (for analog use), and speed. […]
FAQ
So what’s all this compound semiconductor wafer stuff?
David Danzilio from Wind Semiconductor sat down with us to explain some of the basics behind fabricating wafers in the compound semiconductor area. Compound semiconductors have a lot of commercial applications in optoelectronics. Many have a direct bandgap that makes them efficient light emitters. (As a quick review, the band gap is called direct if […]
Electrical noise, Part 1: Introductory concepts
Electrical noise is a consideration that engineers think, talk, worry, sometimes obsess about, and deal with nearly all the time, with few exceptions. In many applications, it is the limiting factor on ultimate achievable system performance. If it were not for the existence of noise, many design situations would be far, far easier. Noise is […]
Test bed demo: Getting ready for emerging millimeter wave applications
We recently talked with Greg Jue from Keysight who took us through a demo of an R&D test bed for emerging millimeter wave applications. Specifically, as an application example, Jue set up an example 802.11ay system. The 802.11ay spec is designed as an improvement of the 802.11ad WLAN definition that will have a frequency of […]
Making noise figure measurements with handheld analyzers
We recently were able to get with Roland Zhang from Keysight who took us through a noise figure measurement system that really comes in handy if you’re doing 5G measurements in the field. Zhang explains that in the 5G arena there will be a lot of amplifiers or up and down converters to convert signals […]
Optocouplers, Part 1: Principles and usefulness
The optocoupler — also called an optoisolator — is among the most useful, versatile, problem-solving components available to the design engineer. This small non-monolithic device does one thing and does it well, with minimal complications in most cases and no software. This FAQ will look at its operation principles, key parameters, and applications of this […]
Instrumentation that measures differential noise in real time
We were recently able to speak with Pat Murray from Anritsu who demonstrated instrumentation that computes differential noise figure. Though noise figure is a well-known parameter, differential noise figure isn’t as commonly used. But it is becoming important for the verification of low-noise amplifiers (LNAs) and other devices used in the front-end of 5G and […]
How do canted coil springs provide EMI/RFI shielding?
Canted coil springs shield sensitive electronics from the harmful effects of EMI/RFI. Featuring independent coils that serve as multiple contact points for optimal conductivity and/or grounding, these springs ensure consistent, reliable connection with mating surfaces, even under shock and vibration. These springs feature precisely engineered coil angles. Canted coil springs are ideal for use in […]
The instrumentation of nanotechnology
Nano- as a prefix refers to the order of magnitude involved in a specific discussion. A nanometer is one billionth of a meter. Comparing a nanometer to a meter is like comparing the size of a marble to the size of the earth. At 100 nanometers and less, quantum effects become pronounced, and this is […]
Connected vehicles will make their connections through gallium nitride
The high performance of many autonomous automotive features will likely depend on the use of super-fast GaN semiconductors. Alex Lidow, Efficient Power Conversion (EPC) WITH the rise of autonomous cars and electric propulsion as driving forces in automotive applications, a huge new market for power devices based on gallium nitride grown on a silicon substrate […]