(Part 1 looked at the basic function and operation of the charge-pump switched-capacitor voltage doubler. This versatile topology has some additional interesting considerations and permutations.) What about the capacitor? When MOSFET switches are used, the capacitor is sometimes called a “flying capacitor.” This is a designation which is a holdover from early days of electronics, […]
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Basics of QPSK modulation and display of QPSK signals
Quadrature phase-shift keying is now the mainstream method used for modulation in cable modems, satellites, and numerous other wireless communication schemes. The signature constellation pattern of QPSK and related digital modulations schemes can be a bit baffling to novices. Here’s a simple primer on the fundamentals of the method, why the constellation pattern arises, and […]
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Reference design covers wearable heart-rate and pulse-oximetry apps
This optical heart-rate module reference design incorporates red and infrared LEDs, a sensor, power subsystem, and logic level translation. Measuring 13mm x 13mm, this tiny, low-power board can be placed on a finger or earlobe to accurately detect heart rate and SpO2 via personal wearable devices. The module works with both Arduino and ARM mbed […]
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Octal high-side switch and driver controls inductive loads
Designers of industrial controllers can safely drive and demagnetize any inductive load for Industry 4.0 applications with the MAX14913 octal high-side switch and driver from Maxim Integrated Products, Inc. . With a unique, innovative, safe-demagnetizing clamp on each output, it easily and reliably interfaces low-voltage digital signals to 24V output-control lines. For most industrial applications, engineers need […]