In Part 1, we looked at some facets of noise: sources, external versus internal (intrinsic) noise, and equations. Part 2 goes further into noise specifics. Q: What are some of the types of noise? A: It’s a long list. The same noise may have different names depending on the perspective of the person describing it, […]
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Basics of oscilloscope controls
Early analog oscilloscopes had a vast number of front panel controls, mostly knobs that had to be endlessly twirled and tweaked to obtain and maintain stable waveforms on the screen. In the modern digital instrument with a flat screen, there is no focus knob, as required for the CRT with its beam of electrons traveling […]
USB spectrum analyzer portfolio now includes 13 GHz and 18 GHz models
The RSA500 family of rugged, battery-powered USB-based spectrum analyzers now includes the RSA513A and RSA518A offering 13-GHz and 18-GHz frequency range respectively. Along with their higher frequency support, these instruments provide the ability to stream I & Q data for customers to perform analysis consistent with software-defined radio functionality. Delivering performance and functionality equal to […]
Scopes handle SPMI protocol decode for debugging mobile-device power controllers
Tektronix, Inc.today introduced protocol decode, triggering and analysis support for the MIPI Alliance’s System Power Management Interface (SPMI) for its 5 and 6 Series MSO mixed signal oscilloscopes. The new software option takes advantage of the leading-edge capabilities of these oscilloscopes including the productivity of touch-based setup, one of the industry’s largest 15.6-in HD display […]
Low-noise programmable, three-channel supplies designed for high-power circuits testing
The Keithley Series 2230G programmable, low-noise, three-channel power supplies deliver up to 375 W in a compact 2U high, half-rack-wide enclosure. They are designed for accuracy and low noise when testing high power, multi-voltage circuits such as LED drivers, automotive, and power-IC circuits. The power supplies’ three channels are isolated, independent and individually programmable with […]
Midrange mixed-signal scope first with 8-GHz bandwidth, 25 Gs/sec on four channels simultaneously
The 6 Series MSO mixed signal oscilloscope extends the performance threshold of midrange oscilloscopes to 8 GHz and delivers a 25 GS/sec sample rate simultaneously on all four channels – an industry first for this class of oscilloscope. Designers can accurately now view up to four high-speed signals at one time. For example, a DDR3 […]
Measuring signals on transmission lines
Reflections typically arise when a beam of light strikes a polished flat reflective body whose surface is perpendicular to the beam of light. Then the transmitted light minus loss in two-way transit, appears at the source. This is similar but not exactly equivalent to an electrical signal traveling through a conductive medium that has an […]
Wideband RF signal analyzers get HIL capabilities for radar, EW apps
IQFlow functions are now part of Tektronix RSA7100A wideband signal analysis instrumentation. This enhancement is said to deliver the speed and flexibility needed to perform real-time digital signal processing (DSP) and support hardware in the loop (HWIL or HIL) test for radar and electronic warfare (EW) systems. The RSA7100A’s real-time analysis for live monitoring of […]
Measuring phase noise and jitter
Generally, whether one speaks of phase noise or jitter depends upon whether they happen to be a radio frequency or digital systems engineer. Both phenomena are random fluctuations of a time-domain waveform in an oscillator or in a clock. Phase noise is best represented in the frequency domain. It is usually defined as the spectral […]
You passed: Getting products through EMC/EMI compliance tests
Pre-compliance tests run in your own lab can avoid bad news when products go into formal conformity checks. DYLAN STINSON, TEKTRONIX INC. EMI regulations are in place to ensure reliability and safety for users of electrical and electronic equipment. With few exceptions, any product emitting or susceptible to electromagnetic interference must be certified for EMI […]