Data communication rates have soared in recent years and there is every reason to believe that this trend will accelerate. Information speeds that were less than 1 Gb/sec have surpassed 10 Gb/sec. Optical communication is greater than 100 Gb/sec, with 1 Tb/sec down the road. RF wireless communications is in the mid-gigahertz range, and RF […]
Mask and limit testing on oscilloscopes
Mask testing is used in production facilities for screening and quality control of components and electronic equipment and also for debugging and troubleshooting. It is quick and efficient and lets users identify harmful anomalous behavior that arises in one or a billion waveforms. It involves setting limits of acceptability on signals at the outputs of […]
Basics of active and differential scope probes
By far the most used oscilloscope probe is the passive 10:1 attenuation probe. It is appropriate when the frequency of the signal under investigation is less than 600 MHz. Impedance matching from probe tip to channel input port is critical. A mismatch gives rise to reflections, collisions and loss of data. At dc to the […]
Working with waveforms in mixed-domain oscilloscopes
Waveform generators generally contain a library of common waveforms, which can be individually accessed and displayed by running a BNC cable to an active analog channel input in an oscilloscope. Most oscilloscopes have, available as an option, an internal arbitrary function generator (AFG), which permits the user to create an endless variety of waveforms and […]
Digital phosphor oscilloscopes, persistence, and eye patterns
The digital phosphor oscilloscope takes its name from the old analog phosphor scope, but the resemblance is superficial. It was difficult to see the trace on the CRT screen in an analog scope because the electron beam dissipated instantly. To solve this problem, early engineers came up with the idea of coating the inner surface […]
Electrical noise, Part 2: Additional perspectives
In Part 1, we looked at some facets of noise: sources, external versus internal (intrinsic) noise, and equations. Part 2 goes further into noise specifics. Q: What are some of the types of noise? A: It’s a long list. The same noise may have different names depending on the perspective of the person describing it, […]
Basics of oscilloscope controls
Early analog oscilloscopes had a vast number of front panel controls, mostly knobs that had to be endlessly twirled and tweaked to obtain and maintain stable waveforms on the screen. In the modern digital instrument with a flat screen, there is no focus knob, as required for the CRT with its beam of electrons traveling […]
USB spectrum analyzer portfolio now includes 13 GHz and 18 GHz models
The RSA500 family of rugged, battery-powered USB-based spectrum analyzers now includes the RSA513A and RSA518A offering 13-GHz and 18-GHz frequency range respectively. Along with their higher frequency support, these instruments provide the ability to stream I & Q data for customers to perform analysis consistent with software-defined radio functionality. Delivering performance and functionality equal to […]
Scopes handle SPMI protocol decode for debugging mobile-device power controllers
Tektronix, Inc.today introduced protocol decode, triggering and analysis support for the MIPI Alliance’s System Power Management Interface (SPMI) for its 5 and 6 Series MSO mixed signal oscilloscopes. The new software option takes advantage of the leading-edge capabilities of these oscilloscopes including the productivity of touch-based setup, one of the industry’s largest 15.6-in HD display […]
Low-noise programmable, three-channel supplies designed for high-power circuits testing
The Keithley Series 2230G programmable, low-noise, three-channel power supplies deliver up to 375 W in a compact 2U high, half-rack-wide enclosure. They are designed for accuracy and low noise when testing high power, multi-voltage circuits such as LED drivers, automotive, and power-IC circuits. The power supplies’ three channels are isolated, independent and individually programmable with […]
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